考研英语作文笔记

Only For 英语二

目录

😀本文所有笔记都是来源于颉斌斌的辛勤教诲！请支持正版哈！颉斌斌老师的课也不贵！

英语作文笔记

英语二作文要求写到 150 词，但是最好写到 180~190 具体来说就是答题卡 24 行上空两三行，让人觉得详略得当

大体架构

  • 第一段：
    1. 引出主题
    2. 描述图表
    3. 评价图片
  • 第二段
    1. 重申主题 + 分析原因
    2. 第一条原因 + 调查
    3. 第二条原因 + 名人名言
  • 第三段
    1. 升华主题
    2. 建议措施
    3. 展望将来

  • 为什么要多次在每一段的开头强调主题？‘

    因为要告诉阅卷老师我没跑题啊！！！！

  • 原因只写两条，没必要第三条！求你了，别写第三条，原因从四大万能理由里面挑出来

  • 原因/理由 写完之后空洞怎么办？

    来个调查，就像论据一样；第二条原因继续空洞怎么办，来个名人名言，够了够了！！！五句话满满当当的

前言

  • eg1:
    • sb do sth
    • sb try to do sth
  • eg2:
    • sth be
    • sth tend to （往往常常） be

总结：不要让名词裸浴，不要让动词裸奔！最起码穿条裤子吧！

Protecting environment is very important

下面的笔记围绕这句主题句话来进行全部的包装：

Protecting environment is very important. 保护环境很重要

一般老师提升高级的手法就是换单词，换高级单词比如说：

  • Protecting environment is very significant.
  • Protecting environment is very essential.
  • Protecting environment is very indispensable.
  • Protecting environment plays an important role in ...
  • 求求你了，老师都看厌倦了

静态化设计

  • 汉语是动态的语言而英语是静态的语言，即汉语多用动词，英语多用名词或介词

静态化设计 - 名词化

其实名词化已经贯穿我们整个社会哈哈哈，比如说有些人喜欢说：我有来过，我有吃过哈哈哈！（明明可以说我来过，我吃过）

  • eg1:

    • sb intend/intends to do sth. 某人打算做某事
    • sb don't/doesn't intend to do sth. 某人不打算做某事（求你了忍住了别写 don‘t 了）
    • 👍 sb have/has intention of doing sth.
    • 👍 sb have/has no intention of doing sth. (否定形式)

  • eg2:

    • sth is very popular.
    • 👍 sth have/has/receive/gain great/enormous popularity.

  • eg3：轿车所有量从 2010 到 2020 年 激增/骤降了 10%

    • The number of car ownership dramatically increased by 10 % from 2010 to 2020.
    • The number of car ownership steeply dropped by 10% from 2010 to 2020.
    • → 核心词义用名词表达 ：There was + 程度 + 变化 + 范围 + in + 主题（静态语言的魅力）
    • 👍 There was a dramatic increase of 10% from 2010 to 2020 in car ownership.
    • 👍 There was a steep drop of 10% from 2010 to 2020 in car ownership.

静态化设计 - 介词化

  • eg1：我今天很开心
    • I‘m very happy. （求你了 ，别这样写了）
    • 👍 I'm in good mood. （be + 介词短语，表状态）
  • eg2：年轻人吸烟的比例在增大/下降
    • The proportion of young people smoking has been increasing.
    • The proportion of young people smoking has been declining.
    • → 用 be + 介词短语 替换 ：
    • 👍 The proportion of young people smoking was on the rise.
    • 👍 The proportion of young people smoking was in decline.

静态化设计 - 插入语

插入语的加入就是废好话的表现，既能让整个句子变得更加客观，也能变得更加优雅

  • Intelligence, it turns out , is a high-priced option.（2009年完型）
  • .... , under any circumstance, .... 无论在任何情况下... （2011年完型）
  • Setting a good example for kids , under any circumstance, tends to be of great (enormous) importance .
  • ... , in face/ in large part , ....

总结

所以 Protecting environment is very important 怎么利用静态化设计修改？

  • → Protecting environment is of importance.

  • → Protecting environment is of great/enormous importance.

  • → Protecting environment tends to be of great/enormous importance.

  • → Protecting environment , under any circumstance, tends to be of great/enormous importance.

  • 亮点：修饰化 + 静态化 + 插入语

It 做形式主语包装

当我们写出一个丢人的句子不好意思见老师的时候怎么办？就把这个句子写到一些废好句里面

  • It is generally recognized that ... 人们普遍认为...
  • It has been found that... 据研究调查表面
  • 所以 Protecting environment , under any circumstance, tends to be of great/enormous importance. 继续完善！
  • → ***It is generally recognized that** Protecting environment , under any circumstance, tends to be of great/enormous importance.*
  • 亮点：修饰化 + 静态化 + 插入语 + 主从复合句

假传圣旨

假的名人名言！也可以说是就地取材哈哈！无中生有！

As Edward ZlotKowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts , puts it , "There has to be of programs . What's needed is a package deal. "

所以我们再完善！

→ ***As Edward ZlotKowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts , puts it ,** "It is generally recognized that Protecting environment , under any circumstance, tends to be of great/enormous importance."*

我的天啊，老师再也不肯怀疑你的实力了 🤙

⚠ 自己去找 一个人，一个机构。这个人最好啥话都能说的。As 人名 , 职务+单位 , puts it , "主题句"

无病呻吟

什么意思？就是废话文学，字数拉满

... He may also need money to construct irrigation vessels and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available , a farmer cannot be self-satisfied ... （2000 年完形填空）

  • 怎么写？

​ → If（否定）, 主句（否定）

  • 否定怎么写？
    1. no + 核心名词
    2. 否定副词：never seldom rarely hardly scarcely
    3. fail to do sth 未能够做某事
    4. 也可以双重否定表肯定：cats never fail to fascinate the human being 猫总是能引起别人的注意

非灵主语

inanimate subject ，也叫物称主语，最牛逼的一招！这种句子不需要多，作文里面有一句就够了，让老师看到无力自拔！

  • eg1: The reports came into London Zoo 伦敦动物园收到一封报告

  • eg2: 我听到一个好消息

    • I heard a news.
    • 👍 The news came to me.

  • eg2: 我有一个想法

    • I have an idea.
    • 👍 An idea came/flashed into my mind.

  • eg3: 他丧失了信心

    • He lost his confidence.
    • 👍 Confidence deserted him.

  • eg4: 那一夜我无法入眠

    • I could not sleep that night.
    • 👍 That night sleep eluded me.

  • eg5: 过去几年，人们见证了一个社会现象：...

    • Over past several years , people have witnessed a social phenomenon that ...
    • 👍 The past several years have witnessed a social phenomenon that ...

其实我们古代的诗人就很擅长用非灵主语（拟人化）：

满堂花醉三千客，一剑光寒十四州 癫狂柳絮随风舞，轻薄桃花逐水流 一条雪浪吼巫峡，千里火云烧益州

调查

其实还是无中生有哈哈哈哈

  • A recent Internet questionnaire of the relevant department indicates that approximately 83.2% of the respondents hold the same view.

  • Based upon a recent official report , roughly 86.2% of the respondents hold the same view.

⚠

  • 数字自己编哈！最好小数点后面保留一位，更加真实！
  • relevant department （有关部门），自己换一下，有关部门有点不真实，换成 全球权威官方 / 民间机构 / 全球著名大学 / 全球著名或权威杂志 （这些机构能发布社会调查的比如中国社科院等等）（友情提醒🈲：写杂志报刊的时候写斜体字）

比如说：

→ A recent Internet questionnaire of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences indicates that approximately 83.2% of the respondents hold the same view that it is generally recognized that setting a good example for kids, under any circumstance , tends to be of great(enormous) importance .

英语二大作文写作

再次强调原因写两条就够了，不要写第三条！

必须记住的单词

  • line chart 曲线图 （第一次出现用 line chart ，第二次可以直接用 chart
  • bar chart / column chart 柱状图
  • pie chart 饼状图
  • table 表格

引出主题、描述图表

数据中心词

  • number / figure / statistic / data 数据

注：figure

  • n. 数字
  • n. 人物
  • n. 体形
  • n. 图、表
  • v. 算出，得出 （out）

可以第一次用 number，第二次用 figure ...，用词一定要多样性

  • proportion / percentage 百分比

数据变化 - 静态数据描述（饼状图/表格）

占比 - 数据在后

  • take up
  • make up
  • account for
  • gain / occupy
  • respectively adv.各自地，分别地

用法：

eg：具体而言，A 和 B 的比例 各自分别占了 15% 和 25%

→ To be specific , the proportion of A and B accounts for 15% and 20% respectively.

（ The percentage = the proportion of ，Specifically = To be specific ）

占比 - 数据在前

数据在前的写法让阅卷老师对你眼前一亮！

  • stand for
  • be defined as
  • be regarded as
  • be referred to as

用法：

eg：具体而言，A 和 B 的比例各自分别占了 15% 和 25%

→ To be specific , 15% and 25% are defined as the proportion of A and B respectively .

可以用一个数据在前，用一个数据在后体现多样化...

  • 最高比例：the highest percentage / proportion
  • 最少的：at the bottom of the chart

⚠ 模板句式：

  • A accounts for the highest percentage at x% of 主题词 , followed by B at y% and C , z% . At the bottom of the chart , k% is regarded as D.

A 占了最高比例，紧接着的是 B 和 C（B 占了多少，C 占了多少），占最小的比例是 D（占了多少）

前面 accounts for 用了数据在后的句式，最后用 is regarded as 改变一下，用数据在前的句式

  • A accounts for the highest percentage at x% of 主题词 , followed by B at y% and C , z% . Within expectation , the lowest proportion occurs in D at k% .

A 占了最高比例，紧接着的是 B 和 C（B 占了多少，C 占了多少），在我们所预估之内，D 占最低比例（是多少）

这句的精华在最后，除了使用 Within expectation，还使用了 occurs 无灵主语！好好感受一下这个 occurs

引出句式

描述图表之前的包装

  • The pie chart / table accurately demonstrates a set of data about ...

  • The total statistics are divided into ... parts ,

    • among which A accounts for ... + B takes up... , C makes up ... （从句）
    • among which A accounts for ... , while B , C and D take up ... respectively （从句）
    • with A accounting for ... , B taking up ... , C making up ... , （短语）
    • with A accounting for ... and ... defined as B , C and D respectively（短语）

  • This is a pie chart which gives / compares information / statistics about ...

  • What is explicitly presented in the above pie chart is a set of data ...

数据变化 - 动态数据描述（柱状图/线状图）

上升 下降 持平
increase drop maintain the same level
rise decline remain stable / steady
jump decrease stay constant
climb fall do not change

上升下降选这几个词的原因是这几个词的名词和动词是一样的（方便静态化处理）

常用的程度词：

形容词 副词
sharp / dramatical / considerate / remarkable
significant / slow / steady / slight		 sharply / dramatically / considerably / remarkably
significantly / slowly / steadily / slightly

背两个就行啊！

变化

  • increase from 5 in 2010 to 10 in 2020

  • increase from 5 to 10 between 2010 and 2020

  • increase from 5 to 10 during 2010 and 2020

  • increase from 5 to 10 for 10 years between 2010 and 2020

    从多少增长到多少 from .. to ...

  • increase by 5 from 2010 to 2020

  • increase by 5 between 2010 and 2020

  • increase by 5 for 10 years between 2010 and 2020

    增长了多少 by

  • is 5 in 2010 , increasing to 10 in 2020

    也可以改变句式，静态描述，现代分词短语作伴随状语

自己慢慢挑，选一两个就行。

句式

  1. 动态：动词 + 副词形式：数据标题 + 副词修饰 + 动词变化 + 范围

    • The number of museums dramatically increased from 4160 in 2013 to 4690 in 2015.
    • The number of museums steeply dropped from 4160 in 2013 to 4690 in 2015.

  2. 静态 👍 ：形容词 + 名词形式：

    1. There is + 形容词修饰 + 名词变化 + in 数据标题 + 数据变化

      • There is a dramatic increase in the number of museums from 4160 in 2013 to 4690 in 2015.
      • There is a steep drop in the number of museums from 4160 in 2013 to 4690 in 2015.

    2. 无灵主语：时间 + witness / see + 形容词修饰名词变化 + in 数据标题 + 数据变化

      • The past few years between 2013 and 2015 witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of museums from 4160 to 4690.

      • The past few years between 2013 and 2015 witnessed a steep drop in the number of museums from 4160 to 4690.

        小 tIps：这里用 past few years 准没错，你当然可以具体写是几年，但是我就怕你算错

  3. 静态 👍 ：介词 + 形容词 + 名词形式：

    大学生参加兼职的比例一直在增大 / 下降

    → The proportion of students taking part-time jobs is on the rise .

    → The proportion of students taking part-time jobs is in decline .

两个变量怎么办？

⚠模板：变量一描述 S+V+O 关联词 . 变量二描述 S+V+O + during the same period .

关联词

  • 相同变化：likewise / similarly / meanwhile / in the same way
  • 相反变化：but / yet / however / unfortunate / ironically

eg：具体而言，中国博物馆的数量从 2013 年时的 4160 家缓慢增长到了 2015 年时的 4690 家。与此同时，这期间参观博物馆的人数从 2013 年时的 6.387 亿急剧上升到 7.811 亿

→ To be specific , there was a slow increase from 4160 in 2013 to 4690 in 2015 in the number of museums in China . Meanwhile , the figure of people who visited the museums jumped from 637.8 million to 781.1 million during the same period .

前面静态描述，后面动态描述，一静一动，结构多样！perfect！

引出句式

  1. In the light of the given information , it can be noticed that the number of 数据标题 has been rising consistently .
  2. What is illustrated in the table shows clearly that vast change have taken place with 数据标题 .
  3. The chart above demonstrates clearly that some changes have taken place in terms of 数据标题 .
  4. Based upon the date offered , we can find that the number of 数据标题 has been increasing steadily .
  5. It can be seen clearly that vast changes have occurred in respect of 数据标题

随便挑一句哈！

也可以对上面句子中的副词、动词、形容词、名词进行替换：

副词 动词 形容词 名词
subtly adv. 微妙地
vividly adv. 生动地
clearly adv.清晰地		 reveal / suggest / reflect / mirror
echo / illustrate / present / imply / indicate / show		 visible / apparent / obvious / evident
noticeable / conspicuous / notable		 inclination
trend
tendency

图表评价

图表评价可有可无哈！

  • 尽管图表很简单，但其内涵意义很深刻

    Simple as the chart looks , its implicit meaning should be epoch-making.

  • 尽管图片简单，但其引申义却发人深省

    Simple as the chart is , its intended meaning is extremely thought-provoking.

  • 尽管图表中的数字看似孤立、简单，但应该慎重考虑其内涵

    Isolated and simple as the figures in the chart seem , yet its connotation should be taken into careful consideration.

  • ...

选 1 句！选 1 句！

引出原因

  • 导致该现象的起因可以总述如下

    The contributing factors responsible for this phenomenon can be summarized as follows.

  • The phenomenon may be caused by the following factors.

  • What exactly contributes to this phenomenon ? It's a thought-provoking question.

  • 该情况源于多种原因，然而根本性因素可以在下午看到

    This situation can be traced to a multitude of factors ; the fundamental ones , however , can be sought as follows.

自己挑，背一句。

引出原因的连接词

  • First of all , in addition , last but not least
  • First , what's more , additionally
  • In the first place , in the second place
  • Firstly , moreover , in addition
  • For one thing , for another ...
  • On the one hand .... , on the other hand ...
  • ...

只需要写两条原因啊！记得！所以用上面的连接词就够了！

四大万能理由 ⚠

整个写作技巧灵魂就在这里！重中之重！百试百灵！

  1. 成长 / 成功 / 发展
  2. 知识 / 经历 / 机会
  3. 效率 / 便利 / 时间
  4. 压力 / 健康（身体和心理）

四大万能理由所需要的必备句型

  • Nothing is more important than 主题词 for 四大万能理由

  • It is conductive to 四大万能理由

    • 替换：contributes to / be responsible for / advance

  • It exerts a positive influence on 四大万能理由

    • 替换：effect / impact 深远的 profound / far-reaching / 不良的 undesirable

  • 主题词，as a result of mutiple causes , inevitably brings / offers tremendous benefit / harm to 四大万能理由

  • it enables us / our society to acquire 四大万能理由

成长 / 成功 / 发展

  • 个人话题：the growth / success / prospect of individual
  • 社会话题：the development of economy / society / culture / legal system / environement
    • 家庭环境 family environment
    • 校园环境 school environment
    • 学术环境 academic environment
    • 文化环境 cultural environment

例子：

  • 主题词，as a result of multiple causes , inevitably brings tremendous benefits to the growth of individual
  • It exerts a positive influence on the development of economy

知识 / 经历 / 机会

  • acquire adequate knowledge and experience
  • acquiring adequate knowledge and experience
  • 替换
    • adequate knowledge
    • useful / extensive experience
    • golden opportunity

例子：

  • It is conducive to acquiring adequate knowledge.
  • It enables us to acquire useful / extensive experience.

效率 / 便利 / 时间 （个人或社会）

  • 效率：
    • efficient learning / studying 或 enhance our work / study efficiency
    • efficent working 或 enhance our work efficiency.
    • 替换：enhance / improve / develop / increase
  • 便利
    • give/offer great/tremendous convenience in our life
  • 时间
    • waste our precious time and money
    • a total waste of our precious time and money
    • save our precious time and money
    • adv.极大地 greatly / dramatically / significantly / considerably

例子：

  • Nothing is more important than 主题词 for saving our precious time and money
  • It exerts a positive influence on efficient learning / studying
  • It is conducive to offering great / tremendous convenience in our life

压力 / 健康（身体和心理）

  • 压力：
    • pressure / stress / stain
    • relieves / moderates a lot of physical and metal stress
    • gives rise to / causes a lot of mental and physical stress
  • 健康：

例子：

  • It is conducive to relieving / moderating a lot of physical and metal stress
  • 主题词，as a result of multiple causes , inevitably brings/offers tremendous benefits/harm to our breath both mentally and physically.

实战一下

2012

注意挑数据来写就行，不要全部都写！又臭又长！挑两个极端就行

  • 64.0 % ，定位 → 为什么这么多 41~50 岁的人对工作不满意？
    • 健康问题..
    • 压力太大 ..
    • ...

2013

  • 大四学生兼职的同学最多，为什么？
    • 获取工作经验，为就业做准备
    • 有利用个人成长 、成功
    • ...

2014

  • 城镇人口越来越多，农村人口越来越少，why？
    • 城市可以给人提供更多的便利
    • 城市给人们提供更多的机会
    • 有利用个人成长、更容易成功...
    • ...

2015

  • 春节期间花销比例礼物占比最大为什么？
    • 经济发展
    • 可以给自己更多的机会
    • ...

2016

  • 高校学生旅行目的欣赏风景占比最高，为什么？
    • 可以获得更多的知识
    • 缓解压力
    • ...

2017

  • 博物馆数量增加了，参观博物馆人数也增加了，为什么？
    • 国家经济发展好有益于博物馆数量增加
    • 人们越来越想获取知识
    • ...

2018

  • 消费者选择餐厅时的关注因素，特色、服务占了较高比例，价格比较少，为什么？
    • 经济发展人们对价格不敏感
    • 人们为了更好的体验
    • ...

2019

  • 升学人数上升，就业人数下降为什么？
    • 就业压力大
    • 升学有利用个人发展、获取更多的机会....
    • ...

2020

  • 某高校学生手机阅读目的，学习知识占比最高，为什么？
    • 学习知识有利用个人发展
    • 学习知识有利用个人成功
    • 学习知识有利用获得更多的机会
    • ...

调查（第一条理由说完之后）

  • Depending upon a rough estimate of the relevant department , nearly 86.2% of the respondents hold the same view.

  • A recent Internet questionnaire of the relevant department indicates that approximately 83.2% of the respondents hold the same view.

  • Based upon a recent official report , roughly 86.2% of the respondents hold the same view.

⚠

  • 数字自己编哈！最好小数点后面保留一位，更加真实！
  • relevant department （有关部门），自己换一下，有关部门有点不真实，换成 全球权威官方 / 民间机构 / 全球著名大学 / 全球著名或权威杂志 （这些机构能发布社会调查的比如中国社科院等等）（友情提醒🈲：写杂志报刊的时候写斜体字）

比如说：

→ A recent Internet questionnaire of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences indicates that approximately 83.2% of the respondents hold the same view that it is generally recognized that setting a good example for kids, under any circumstance , tends to be of great(enormous) importance .

名人名言（第二条理由说完之后）

假的名人名言！也可以说是就地取材哈哈！无中生有！

As Edward ZlotKowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts , puts it , "There has to be of programs . What's needed is a package deal. "

所以我们再完善！

→ ***As Edward ZlotKowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts , puts it ,** "It is generally recognized that Protecting environment , under any circumstance, tends to be of great/enormous importance."*

我的天啊，老师再也不肯怀疑你的实力了 🤙

⚠ 自己去找 一个人，一个机构。这个人最好啥话都能说的。As 人名 , 职务+单位 , puts it , "主题句"

升华主题

⚠ 模板：In view of ( Considering ) all these contributors , we should bear in mind that the great importance should be attached to 主题词

例子:

In view of ( Considering ) every aspect of this (positive/negative) phenomenon , we should bear in mind that people in expanding numbers who enjoy visiting museums will attach utmost significance to obtaining adequate knowledge

负面话题

  • 根据以上分析，我们可以得出结论：这一严峻的问题需要有效的应对措施

    Judging from the analysis above , we may safely come to the conclusion that the severe problem demands effective counter-measures.

  • 在我看来，我们正处在遏制问题恶化的黄金时期

    From my point of view , we are in a prime time to curb the problem from deteriorating.

  • 目前情况是如此严重，是时候采取应对措施解决这个问题

    The current state being so serious , it is high time that we take effective counter-measures to solve the issue.

中立话题

  • 应该进一步探索 ... 的优势，但我仍然强烈地认为是时候遏制 .... 的不利影响了

    Advantages of ... should be further explored( implemented ) , but I still strongly maintain that it is time to curb the adverse effects of ...

  • 正如所讨论的，我们不难发现，每件事都是一把双刃剑，所以我们应该吸取精华

    As discussed , we have no difficulty in finding that everything is a double-bladed sword and thus we should absorb the essence.

建议措施

可以从三个角度来分析，选一个角度就行啦！最多两个角度

媒体

  • 报纸和新闻媒体应该宣传报道它

    Newspaper and new media should be planned to launch propagandas of it.

  • 报纸和新闻媒体应该揭露和阻止它

    Newspaper and news media should be planned to reveal and prevent it.

政府

  • 政府应该完善法律法规来...

    The government should formulate better laws and regulations to do sth

  • 政府应该实施各项有关... 的措施

    👍 Implementation of the measures of doing 主题词 should be under way

个人

  • 认识到和采取行动

    Everyone should cultivate a better awareness of it and channel actions .

展望未来

这个可有可无哈！

  • 只有这样，我们就一定会拥有一个更美好的将来

    Only in this way would we be bound for a better future.

  • 只有这样，我们的生活将变得更加真实和富有意义

    Only in this way would lives become more real and meaningful

范文

​ What is illustrated in the table shows clearly that an increasing number of people are not satisfied with their jobs , especially those people aged between 41 and 50 . In the table above , the highest percentage at 64% stands for the proportion of the staff aged between 41 and 50 who are not satisfied with their jobs. On the contrary , the percentage of those over 50 accounts only for 10% . Isolated and simple as the figures in the chart seem , yet its connotation should be taken into careful consideration.

​ What exactly contributes to this phenomenon ? It's a thought-provoking question. To begin with, work pressure for people between the age of 41 and 50 might exert great influence on the job dissatisfaction. A recent Internet questionnaire of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences indicates that approximately 86.6% of the respondents hold the same view. In addition , lack of opportunities for them ( staff aged between 41 and 50 ) might also cause the problem. As Edward ZlotKowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts , puts it , "lack of opportunities , under any circumstance , tends to be of enormous detriment for staff ."

​ Judging from the analysis above , we may safely come to the conclusion that the severe problem demands effective counter-measures, First and foremost , the government should formulate better laws and regulations to improve their working environment. Plus, company should cultivate a better awareness of it and channel actions. Only in this way would we be bound for an end to this trend.

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